The occlusion condition has a wide range of use in dentistry. In general, the tem occlusion means the contact between  the teeth of the upper and lower jaw.  It is a complex operation which involves all the elements of the stomatognathic system , which are  both jaws with their teeth,the muscles and the temporomandibular structures.
The occlusal relationship between the teeth which ensure a normal functioning of the stomatognathic system is a complicated area of dentistry
. While for each institution there is a specific anatomical and functional model for the dental occlusion of barriers there is no normal pattern.
The teeth of the upper and lower jaw are placed one next to the other in order to form the alveolar barrier. When we close our mouth both Dental barriers come into contact with each other (occlusion).
The lower jaw is moving to different positions, thus the contact of teeth (occlusion) with those of the upper jaw can be in different places.
The occlusion position which is more interesting  of interest is the Central Occlusion .The central occlusion is defined as an occlusion position where there is the greatest assembly of competitors teeth between the two dental barriers.

That means that this is the position where we have the most possible contacts between teeth when we bite.
Poor occlusion and crooked teeth are responsible for many unpleasant situations:

• They reduce the chewing ability
• Difficult to clean the teeth, by increasing the risk of dental caries and gingivitis
• Create increased pressure on the teeth, the jaw and the muscles and increase’s the risk of breaking a tooth .
• They exacerbate the appearance of the individual.

The control and correction of occlusion is very important after a filling or prosthetic works. Most of us have the experience of the fillings, where the dentist asks us at the end if the filling is bothering or if we feel it higher . ΈA filling on the occlusal  surface of a tooth which contacts with a competitor may cause the an occlusion problem . ΣIn such cases, the dentist will remove the early contacts to create the desired occlusion . In case that these remain in the mouth,they cause serious problems, because they come between fymaton and fovea of the competitors' teeth during movements of the lower jaw, which leads to a long-term pain, inflammation and wound occlusion.
Of course, every bite that goes beyond the limits of the ideal is not automatically a problematic one. To say that  there must be some symptoms and disorders, or we need to have evidence that will arise in future. Your dentist is qualified to diagnose these problems and to provide you  the solution, providing a normal appearance and a beautiful smile, with the aid of orthodontics!
Both the device and the occlusion of teeth are key determinants for the proper functioning of a system as complex as the stomatognathic. One of the problems which often has to be solved by the dntist and is associated with the operation of the stomatognathic system malfunctions is the temporomandibular (TMJ). According to studies, the overwhelming percentage of people with temporomandibular dysfunction are women in the reproductive age. The etiology of this dysfunction is multifactorial

• Occlusal disharmony (tooth loss and lack of timely restoration, overhanging competitors, poor restorative work, etc.)
• Anxiety
• Bruxism
• Abuse or injury of the muscles used in mastication (masseter muscle, krotafitis, both winglike muscles, muscle vykanitis)
• Other habits such as yawning with your mouth open too much or  chewing gum hardly, etc.
• Abnormal structure of the temporomandibular structural congenital

Usually the symptoms of temporomandibular dysfunction are temporary  and not very painful. They can easily get treated  by simple exercises (soft food, applying ice, avoid extreme movements of the jaw).On the other hand in a significant number of patients  the symptoms are intense and they have to ask from a specialist to advice them. Symptoms of TMJ dysfunctions are:

• Clicking noise that comes from the temporomandibular structure

When we open our mouth

• Severe headache and dizziness
• Pain in the jaw
• "Lock" of  the lower jaw when opening or closing the mouth
• Limited ability or inability of the mouth opening
• Muscle spasms or pain in the region during the chew

Η θεραπεία σ' αυτές τις περιπτώσεις γίνεται με ένα από τα παρακάτω μέσα :

• Dental instruments (TMJ splints, Restoration of occlusion)
• Psychological remedies (stress response, relaxation)
• Pharmaceutical treatment (painkillers, muscle relaxants, tranquilizers)
• Surgical treatment